A fairy tale (alternative names include fairytale, fairy story, magic tale, or wonder tale) is a short story that belongs to the folklore genre. Such stories typically feature magic, enchantments, and mythical or fanciful beings. In most cultures, there is no clear line separating myth from folk or fairy tale; all these together form the literature of preliterate societies.[1] Fairy tales may be distinguished from other folk narratives such as legends (which generally involve belief in the veracity of the events described)[2] and explicit moral tales, including beast fables. Prevalent elements include dwarfs, dragons, elves, fairies, giants, gnomes, goblins, griffins, mermaids, talking animals, trolls, unicorns, monsters, witches, wizards, and magic and enchantments.
Some folklorists prefer to use the German term Märchen or "wonder tale"[9] to refer to the genre rather than fairy tale, a practice given weight by the definition of Thompson in his 1977 [1946] edition of The Folktale: "a tale of some length involving a succession of motifs or episodes. It moves in an unreal world without definite locality or definite creatures and is filled with the marvellous. In this never-never land, humble heroes kill adversaries, succeed to kingdoms and marry princesses."[10] The characters and motifs of fairy tales are simple and archetypal: princesses and goose-girls; youngest sons and gallant princes; ogres, giants, dragons, and trolls; wicked stepmothers and false heroes; fairy godmothers and other magical helpers, often talking horses, or foxes, or birds; glass mountains; and prohibitions and breaking of prohibitions.[11]
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Carter's protagonist in The Bloody Chamber is an impoverished piano student married to a Marquis who was much older than herself to "banish the spectre of poverty". The story is a variant on Bluebeard, a tale about a wealthy man who murders numerous young women. Carter's protagonist, who is unnamed, describes her mother as "eagle-featured" and "indomitable". Her mother is depicted as a woman who is prepared for violence, instead of hiding from it or sacrificing herself to it. The protagonist recalls how her mother kept an "antique service revolver" and once "shot a man-eating tiger with her own hand."[94]
In contemporary literature, many authors have used the form of fairy tales for various reasons, such as examining the human condition from the simple framework a fairytale provides.[95] Some authors seek to recreate a sense of the fantastic in a contemporary discourse.[96] Some writers use fairy tale forms for modern issues;[97] this can include using the psychological dramas implicit in the story, as when Robin McKinley retold Donkeyskin as the novel Deerskin, with emphasis on the abusive treatment the father of the tale dealt to his daughter.[98] Sometimes, especially in children's literature, fairy tales are retold with a twist simply for comic effect, such as The Stinky Cheese Man by Jon Scieszka and The ASBO Fairy Tales by Chris Pilbeam. A common comic motif is a world where all the fairy tales take place, and the characters are aware of their role in the story,[99] such as in the film series Shrek.
Many filmed fairy tales have been made primarily for children, from Disney's later works to Aleksandr Rou's retelling of Vasilissa the Beautiful, the first Soviet film to use Russian folk tales in a big-budget feature.[108] Others have used the conventions of fairy tales to create new stories with sentiments more relevant to contemporary life, as in Labyrinth,[109] My Neighbor Totoro, Happily N'Ever After, and the films of Michel Ocelot.[110]
In recent years, Disney has been dominating the fairy tale film industry by remaking their animated fairy tale films into live action. Examples include Maleficent (2014), Cinderella (2015), Beauty and the Beast (2017) and so on.
Fur- Mid-century modern has never looked so good, or so stifling. A phantasmagorical imagining of the early creative years of Diane Arbus, the restless photographer with an attraction to marginalized (and sometimes disturbing) human subjects. Her journey toward artistic liberation is aided by friendship with a strange neighbor whose physical appearance gives the film its title. Simultaneously dreamy and solemn, this rigourously stylish and provocative film will make you wonder if you're hiding anything vital from yourself. Watch for the scene with the razor.
Trumbo- Artists are workers! An enigmatic figure whose great wealth sat side-by-side with his ardent communist politics, Dalton Trumbo's Oscar-winning screenplays are the stuff of legend. Stalked by the ridiculously named (and seriously barbed) House Un-American Activities Committee during the "Red scare" of the 40's and 50's, Trumbo got around the Hollywood Blacklist's black mark on his reputation by producing a prolific output under assumed names. Crackling with clever witticisms and a (mostly) genuine moral imperative, this film invites you to wonder at Trumbo's extraordinary work ethic as he cranks out script after script to keep feeding his family and stoking his passion. Watch for the scenes where he addresses his fellow communist writers.
The Moderns- [The trailer is impossible to find, so I linked to the films gorgeous closing song, which gives a sense of the movie's aesthetic and pace]. I love this movie beyond all reason. This tiny but mighty creation transports you to the Paris of Ernest Hemingway and Gertrude Stein's imagination but gives their characters, and fellow compatriots, room to express themselves in all their wily, sensual, radiant glory. A tough-talking, ex-patriot American artist is hired by a shady femme fatal to forge some famous paintings. His estranged wife comes to town with her dangerous new husband and forces a confrontation that could have dire consequences for all. Dreamy, creamy, swoony and cool, art imitates life imitates art again as the characters reveal their true nature to each other. Watch for the scene when Nick addresses Hemingway, standing with two women, through his open window.
Atonement- One of my all-time favorite movies about the redemptive powers of art, and the ferocious determination of artists to heal ourselves and the world around us. A 12-year-old girl sees something strange from the window of her childhood bedroom in a 1930's English manor house, and tells a tale that sets in motion a chain of devastating events. Ravishingly beautiful, romantic, and brutal, you won't forget this film or its message. Watch for the scene in the library, and the one on the beach during the evacuation of Dunkirk.
Seraphine- Still waters run deep. This film is a slow-moving river that explodes in a riot of color and life. Settle in for the ride and enjoy the calming, meditative pace punctuated by furious activity from its passionate protagonist, a so-called "simple" woman whose "naive" paintings became an international sensation in the 1920's after decades of her secret hard work. Raised without an artistic education or access to museums of any kind, this real-life master artist worked in secrecy for decades to bring her inner world to the canvas, with extraordinary results. An endorsement of self-taught geniuses, and an inspiring call to follow your own muse. Watch Seraphine's face any time she sits with the trees.
Black Swan- Perfectionists, take note: this dark dancer's fairy tale might change you forever. A young ballerina competes for the role of a lifetime as her quest for artistic "perfection" drives her into madness. Is she seeing double, or is that her own reflection in a dirty mirror? A rival dancer jumps in to ramp up the stakes and confuse her even more. Bold, spooky, sensual, and more than a little melodramatic, this film's icy-hot power will leave you scorched. Watch for the ballet rehearsal scenes. 2ff7e9595c
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